Hi,
For long-range matches, we seem to have two types:
1. The conventional or traditional styles, which include NRA High-Power, Palma, F-Class, and 1000-yard Bench Rest. These have set courses of fire, and proscribed distances, and include no movement. Time constraints are minimal. Set distances are from 100 yards to 1000 yards.
2. The "practical" or "field-style" matches, which have no set course of fire and take advantage of terrain features. These matches typically involve movement through the field and have target placement dictated by terrain features-- the match director can set up almost whatever he wants provided it's safe, to give the competitors a good challenge. At matches that my group runs, we typically have 75% of shots from 300 to 700 yards, many from challenging or poor shoot positions (off slope, cannot see from prone position, etc). Then we might have a few very small or otherwise difficult targets under 300 yards, and some targets set out to the maximum distance we can achieve in the location. It's common to have targets at 1000 yards, or out to 1200 yards.
If people shooting their law-enforcement or military "issue" .308WIN rifles will be shooting, we try to stay limited to about 1100 yards so they have a chance of hitting those targets. At the match we're running next June, we will have a target at 1350 yards.
But really, there is no set maximum distance, and I've heard of matches that start at 1000 yards and end past a mile (1760 yards)-- but I think these are more "lay and shoot" instead of "shoot and move"-type matches.
Most of the target systems we use are simply armor steel (3/8" thick usually) hanging from an "A-Frame" stand. Size ranges from 4"x4" up to 14x18" or a full USPSA/IPSC silhouette. These are easy to spot hits on because they visually move and the impact is audible even 1000+ yards away, provided the caliber is sufficient to deliver momentum on the target. We have tried some of the reactive US military target systems (plastic silhouettes that sense impact and activate), however, we have judged these to be not reliable enough to be fair to match competitors.
On calibers-- many matches do not allow 338 Lapua because they think it will damage their targets systems. In most cases this is a false fear, but we're stuck with it, I think more people here don't use the 6.5x55 because it doesn't fit properly in a short action, but there's no question it's a good LR cartridge when loaded right.
best regards
Zak